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Description
Hastelloy C22
Material
UNS N06022, Alloy C-22, W.Nr. 2.46022, Hastelloy® C-22
Note that the designation “ Hastelloy®” is registered trademarks of Haynes International Inc.
Overview
UNS N06022 is a fully austenitic advanced corrosion-resistant alloy that offers resistance to both aqueous corrosion and attack at elevated temperatures, including general corrosion, pitting, crevice corrosion, intergranular attack, and stress corrosion cracking. Hastelloy C-22 typically contains 22% chromium, 14% molybdenum, and 3% tungsten. The alloy’s high content of chromium gives it good resistance to wet corrosion by oxidizing media. Its contents of molybdenum and tungsten give the alloy resistance to wet reducing media.
Application
- Chemical Processing: Chemical reactors, vessels, and piping systems
- Petrochemical Processing: Heat exchangers and distillation columns
- Pollution Control: Scrubbers, absorbers, and exhaust systems where high levels of corrosive gases are present
- Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology: Mixers, and storage vessels where chemical resistance and product purity are critical
- Waste Treatment: Handling and processing systems for aggressive chemicals, acidic waste streams, and corrosive gases
- Pulp and Paper Industry: Digester and bleach plant equipment
Chemical Composition (%)
| Material | Ni | Cr | Mo | Fe | W | Co | V | C |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N06022 | Balance | 20.0-22.5 | 12.5-14.5 | 2.00-4.00 | 2.50-3.50 | 2.50 max | 0.35 max | 0.015 max |
Mechanical Property
| Material | Tensile strength | Yield strength 0,2 | Elongation | Hardness HB30 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N06022 | 800 N/mm² | 407 N/mm² | 57% | 93-95HB |
Corrosion Resistance
The major attribute of Hastelloy C-22 is outstanding resistance to a broad range of corrosive media. It resists oxidizing acids as well as reducing acids such as sulfuric and hydrochloric. Some other corrosive chemicals to which the alloy has high resistance are oxidizing acid chlorides, wet chlorine, formic and acetic acids, ferric and cupric chlorides, sea water, brines and many mixed or contaminated chemical solutions, both organic and inorganic.
Heat Treatment
Hastelloy C-22 typically undergoes a solution annealing heat treatment, the heat treatment process is typically performed after welding, forming, It helps eliminate any sensitization or precipitation of carbides that may have occurred during these processes, and optimize the alloy's mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. The heat treatment process for the alloy C-22 involves heating the material to a specific temperature range, holding it at that temperature for a set time, and then cooling it down. It is important to note that the specific temperature, soaking time, and cooling method may vary.
Heating and Pickling
Heating is commonly performed processes in the treatment of Hastelloy C-22 to achieve a specific temperature range for subsequent processes like welding, hot forming, or stress relieving, improve material ductility, reduce residual stresses, and facilitate further fabrication. Alloy C-22 generally uses esistance heating, induction heating, or furnace heating to achieve the desired temperature, ensure that the heating is uniform to prevent thermal gradients and potential distortion.
Pickling is a chemical process, typically performed after welding, hot forming, or when the material's surface has become contaminated, to remove surface contaminants, scale, and oxide layers from Hastelloy C-22. Pickling involves immersing the material in an acid solution to dissolve the unwanted layers. Commonly used acids include a mixture of nitric and hydrofluoric acids or a mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids. As for immersion time, it depends on the severity of surface contaminants and the desired level of cleaning.
Hot and Cold Forming
Hastelloy C-22 is a highly ductile nickel-based alloy that can be readily hot and cold formed. The high temperature softens the alloy, making it more malleable and easier to deform. Cold forming processes are typically used when complex shapes or fine details are required.
Hot forming: The recommended temperature range for thermoforming is 1,800°F to 2,250°F (980°C to 1,230°C). The First, heat the Hastelloy C-22 component uniformly to the desired hot forming temperature using a furnace or other suitable heating methods, ensure the temperature is evenly distributed to prevent thermal gradients. The second, use suitable hot forming techniques such as forging, extrusion, or hot rolling to shape the heated Alloy C-22. The last, the component may be air-cooled or rapidly cooled to retain its desired shape.
Cold forming: The cold forming of Hastelloy C-22 is generally performed at room temperature or slightly elevated temperatures. The common cold forming processes is bending, drawing, stamping, and deep drawing, choose the appropriate process based on the complexity and requirements of the component. It is important to note that Alloy C-22 should be in the annealed condition before cold forming to ensure optimal ductility and formability.
Machining
Hastelloy C-22 is readily fabricated by standard procedures for nickel alloys. Although ductile enough to be formed by cold working, intermediate annealing may be necessary due to work hardening.
Welding
Hastelloy C-22 exhibits excellent weldability. Welding can be by gas tungsten-arc, gas metal-arc, and shielded metal-arc processes. Matched composition welding products, INCONEL Welding Electrode 122 and Filler Metal 622, are available. Overmatching composition welds may be deposited with INCO-WELD® Filler Metal 686 CPT® or INCO-WELD Welding Electrode 686CPT.
Product Forms
- Bar & Rod
- Plate & Sheet
- Coil & Strip
- Pipe & Tube
- Fitting: Flange, Tee, Elbow, Reducer etc.
- Forging: Ring, Shaft, Circle, Block etc.
Note
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